Wild Ginger (Curcuma Roxb xanthorrhiza.Herb plants with a high false trunked up to more than 1m but less than 2m, is the metamorphosis of plant leaves. green or dark brown. Roots and rhizomes are formed perfectly strong branching, large, branching, and reddish brown, dark yellow or dark green. Each stem has leaves 2-9 strands with circular shape extending to build lanceolate, green leaf color or light to dark purplish brown, leaf length 31 - 84cm and width 10 - 18cm, length of petiole, including strands of 43 - 80cm, on each strand is connected with the midrib and petiole rather long. whereas dark yellow flowers, shaped and clustered the inflorescence lateral, [1]. slender stalk and a line-shaped scales, stem length 9 - 23cm wide and 4 - 6cm, protective leafy many-length exceeding or comparable with the crown of flowers. Hairy white petals, length 8 - 13mm, tubular flower crown with a total length of 4.5cm, strands of elongated circular-shaped flowers are white with a red tip of the dice or red, length 1:25 - 2cm and 1cm wide, while the old orange flesh or brown, sharp aroma and taste bitter sting.
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| Wild Ginger |
Analgesic effect
Yamazaki (1987, 1988a) reported that methanol extract of ginger is administered orally in mice, revealed to suppress the pain caused by acetic acid administration. Furthermore, Yamazaki (1988b) and Ozaki (1990) proved that germakron active ingredient in ginger is a function suppress the pain.
Yamazaki (1987, 1988a) reported that methanol extract of ginger is administered orally in mice, revealed to suppress the pain caused by acetic acid administration. Furthermore, Yamazaki (1988b) and Ozaki (1990) proved that germakron active ingredient in ginger is a function suppress the pain.
Anthelmintic effectInfusion of ginger, black meeting and a combination of both in urea molasses block to reduce the number of eggs per gram of feces in sheep infected by the worm Haemonchus contortus (Bendryman et al. 1996).
Effect of antibacterial / antifungalEther extract of ginger is reported that in vitro can inhibit the growth of the fungus Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, and Trichophytol violaceum (Oehadian et al. 1985). Essential oil of Curcuma xanthorrhiza also inhibit the growth of the fungus Candida albicans, while Curcuma xanthorrhiza curcuminoids have a weak inhibition (Oei 1986a).
Antidiabetic effectsResearch Yasni et al. (1991) reported that ginger can improve the symptoms of diabetes in mice, such as: growth Retardation, hyperphagia, polydipsia, high glucose and triglycerides in serum, and reduce the formation of arachidonic linoleic acid in liver phospholipid. Especially ginger alter the amount and composition of fecal bile acids.
Stock antihepatotoksikGiving steeping ginger rhizome of 400, 800 mg / kg for 6 days and 200, 400 and 800 mg / kg in mice for 14 days, can lower serum activities of GPT-hepatotoxic dose of paracetamol or paracetamol necrosis narrow the area significantly. Antihepatotoksik power depends on the size of dose and period of administration (Donatus and Suzana 1987).
Anti-inflammatory effectsOei (1986b) reported that essential oil of Curcuma xanthorrhiza in vitro has a weak anti-inflammatory power. While Ozaki (1990) reported that anti-inflammatory effect was caused by the presence germakron. Furthermore, Claeson et al. (1993) managed to isolate three types of non-phenolic compounds diarylheptanoid of ginger rhizome extract, namely: trans-trans-1 0.7-diphenyl-1, 3,-heptadien-4-on (alnuston); trans1 0.7-diphenyl-1- hepten-5-ol, and trans, trans-1 0.7-diphenyl-1, 3,-heptadien-5-ol. All three compounds were stated to have significant anti-inflammatory effect on rats.
Effect of antioxidantsJitoe et al. (1992) measure the antioxidant effects of nine types of rhizome-finding meeting with thiocyanate method and the method of Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) in water-alcohol system. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of ginger extract were higher than the activity of three types contained in the curcuminoids are estimated ginger. So, apparently there are other substances in addition to the three curcuminoids, which have antioxidant effects. Furthermore, Masuda et al. (1992) succeeded in isolating the new curcumin analogues from the rhizome of ginger, namely: 1 - (4-hydroxy-3 0.5-dimetoksifenil) -7 - (4 hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) - (1E. 6E.) -1.6 - heptadien-3 ,4-dione. This compound turned out to show the effects of antioxidants against auto-oxidation of linoleic acid in water-alcohol system.
Antitumor effectItokawa et al. (1985) succeeded in isolating four sesquiterpenoid compound from the rhizome of ginger bisabolan, namely ï?? ¡-Kurkumen, ar-turmeron, ï?? ¢-atlanton and xanthorrizol. Most of these substances is an antitumor compounds against sarcoma 180 ascites in mice. Antitumor effectiveness of these compounds include: (+++) for ï?? ¡-Kurkumen, (+ +) for ar-turmeron, and (+ +) for xanthorrizol. Meanwhile, Yasni (1993b) reported that administration of ginger can activate T cells and B cells that function as a medium in the immune system in mice.
Ahn et al. (1995) reported that ar-turmeron contained in ginger can be to lengthen the life of infected mice with S-180 cancer cells. Components showed a synergistic cytotoxic activity with sesquifelandren isolated from the same plant at 10-fold against L1210 cells. In addition, curcumin is strengthening the other cytotoxic drugs such as cyclophosphamide, MeCCNU, aurapten, adriamycin, and vincristine.
Suppressant effect of the central nervousResearch Yamazaki et al. (1987, 1988a) states that the rhizome extract temu lawak fact have the effect of extending the period of sleep caused by pento barbital. Furthermore proved that (R )-(-)- xantorizol is active substances causing these effects by inhibiting activity of cytochrome P 450. Xantorizol addition, it turns out germakron contained in ginger extract also has the effect to extend the period of sleep (Yamazaki 1988b). Giving germakron 200 mg / kg orally in mice expressed to suppress hyperactivity caused by metamfe-Tamin (3 mg / kg ip). Further stated that administration of 750 mg / kg germakron orally in mice showed no lethal toxicity (Yamazaki 1988b).
Effect of diureticsResearch Wahjoedi (1985) states that the decoction of ginger at a dose equivalent to 1x and 10x the usual dose of people in white rats have a diuretic effect approximately half of the potential of HCT (hydrochlorothiazide), 1.6 mg / kg.
Hypolipidemic effectThe use of ginger as a beverage in livestock female rabbits showed that there were no body fat on the carcass and fatty tissue around the reproductive organs (Soenaryo 1985). The research Yasni et al. (1993a) reported that lower concentrations of ginger triglise rida and serum phospholipids, liver cholesterol, and increase serum HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1, in rats fed cholesterol-free diet cholesterol. As in mice with high cholesterol diet, ginger did not hit the high serum cholesterol while lowering the liver cholesterol. In the study reported that curcuminoids derived from turmeric did not have a significant effect on serum fat and fatty liver, it was concluded that ginger
Effect of antibacterial / antifungalEther extract of ginger is reported that in vitro can inhibit the growth of the fungus Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, and Trichophytol violaceum (Oehadian et al. 1985). Essential oil of Curcuma xanthorrhiza also inhibit the growth of the fungus Candida albicans, while Curcuma xanthorrhiza curcuminoids have a weak inhibition (Oei 1986a).
Antidiabetic effectsResearch Yasni et al. (1991) reported that ginger can improve the symptoms of diabetes in mice, such as: growth Retardation, hyperphagia, polydipsia, high glucose and triglycerides in serum, and reduce the formation of arachidonic linoleic acid in liver phospholipid. Especially ginger alter the amount and composition of fecal bile acids.
Stock antihepatotoksikGiving steeping ginger rhizome of 400, 800 mg / kg for 6 days and 200, 400 and 800 mg / kg in mice for 14 days, can lower serum activities of GPT-hepatotoxic dose of paracetamol or paracetamol necrosis narrow the area significantly. Antihepatotoksik power depends on the size of dose and period of administration (Donatus and Suzana 1987).
Anti-inflammatory effectsOei (1986b) reported that essential oil of Curcuma xanthorrhiza in vitro has a weak anti-inflammatory power. While Ozaki (1990) reported that anti-inflammatory effect was caused by the presence germakron. Furthermore, Claeson et al. (1993) managed to isolate three types of non-phenolic compounds diarylheptanoid of ginger rhizome extract, namely: trans-trans-1 0.7-diphenyl-1, 3,-heptadien-4-on (alnuston); trans1 0.7-diphenyl-1- hepten-5-ol, and trans, trans-1 0.7-diphenyl-1, 3,-heptadien-5-ol. All three compounds were stated to have significant anti-inflammatory effect on rats.
Effect of antioxidantsJitoe et al. (1992) measure the antioxidant effects of nine types of rhizome-finding meeting with thiocyanate method and the method of Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) in water-alcohol system. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of ginger extract were higher than the activity of three types contained in the curcuminoids are estimated ginger. So, apparently there are other substances in addition to the three curcuminoids, which have antioxidant effects. Furthermore, Masuda et al. (1992) succeeded in isolating the new curcumin analogues from the rhizome of ginger, namely: 1 - (4-hydroxy-3 0.5-dimetoksifenil) -7 - (4 hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) - (1E. 6E.) -1.6 - heptadien-3 ,4-dione. This compound turned out to show the effects of antioxidants against auto-oxidation of linoleic acid in water-alcohol system.
Antitumor effectItokawa et al. (1985) succeeded in isolating four sesquiterpenoid compound from the rhizome of ginger bisabolan, namely ï?? ¡-Kurkumen, ar-turmeron, ï?? ¢-atlanton and xanthorrizol. Most of these substances is an antitumor compounds against sarcoma 180 ascites in mice. Antitumor effectiveness of these compounds include: (+++) for ï?? ¡-Kurkumen, (+ +) for ar-turmeron, and (+ +) for xanthorrizol. Meanwhile, Yasni (1993b) reported that administration of ginger can activate T cells and B cells that function as a medium in the immune system in mice.
Ahn et al. (1995) reported that ar-turmeron contained in ginger can be to lengthen the life of infected mice with S-180 cancer cells. Components showed a synergistic cytotoxic activity with sesquifelandren isolated from the same plant at 10-fold against L1210 cells. In addition, curcumin is strengthening the other cytotoxic drugs such as cyclophosphamide, MeCCNU, aurapten, adriamycin, and vincristine.
Suppressant effect of the central nervousResearch Yamazaki et al. (1987, 1988a) states that the rhizome extract temu lawak fact have the effect of extending the period of sleep caused by pento barbital. Furthermore proved that (R )-(-)- xantorizol is active substances causing these effects by inhibiting activity of cytochrome P 450. Xantorizol addition, it turns out germakron contained in ginger extract also has the effect to extend the period of sleep (Yamazaki 1988b). Giving germakron 200 mg / kg orally in mice expressed to suppress hyperactivity caused by metamfe-Tamin (3 mg / kg ip). Further stated that administration of 750 mg / kg germakron orally in mice showed no lethal toxicity (Yamazaki 1988b).
Effect of diureticsResearch Wahjoedi (1985) states that the decoction of ginger at a dose equivalent to 1x and 10x the usual dose of people in white rats have a diuretic effect approximately half of the potential of HCT (hydrochlorothiazide), 1.6 mg / kg.
Hypolipidemic effectThe use of ginger as a beverage in livestock female rabbits showed that there were no body fat on the carcass and fatty tissue around the reproductive organs (Soenaryo 1985). The research Yasni et al. (1993a) reported that lower concentrations of ginger triglise rida and serum phospholipids, liver cholesterol, and increase serum HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1, in rats fed cholesterol-free diet cholesterol. As in mice with high cholesterol diet, ginger did not hit the high serum cholesterol while lowering the liver cholesterol. In the study reported that curcuminoids derived from turmeric did not have a significant effect on serum fat and fatty liver, it was concluded that ginger
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